put through
英 /pʊt θruː/美 /pʊt θruː/
v. 动词
完成;接通;使经历;使通过
词义解析
put through 的本义是“使穿过”,即让某物从一端到另一端。由此引申出三个主要义项:1) 完成(尤其是费力或耗时的事情),如“put through a deal”(完成交易),强调将事情从头到尾推进到底;2) 接通电话,如“put a call through”(接通电话),本义是让电话信号穿过线路;3) 使经历(困难或考验),如“put someone through hell”(使某人经历地狱般的生活),本义是让某人穿过一段艰难历程。这三个义项都保留了“从起点到终点”的意象,区别在于对象不同:事情、电话信号或人。
词根溯源
put 源自古英语 putian,意为“推、放”,through 源自古英语 thurh,意为“通过、穿过”。两者组合,字面意思为“推着穿过”。记忆时,可以想象把一封信从门缝塞过去(put through the door),或者把一根线穿过针眼(put a thread through the needle),这个动作意象能帮助记住“完成”“接通”等引申义。
适用语境
put through 在不同场景中语气和含义略有差异:在商务邮件中,常用于“put through a payment/transaction”(完成付款/交易),语气正式,强调完成动作的顺利;在日常口语中,常见于“put someone through college”(供某人读完大学),语气亲切,强调付出和经历;在电话用语中,“put me through to the manager”(帮我接通经理)是标准礼貌用语;在新闻报道中,可能用“put through the wringer”(使经受折磨),语气强烈。
语法说明
put through 是及物动词短语,后接宾语。常见句型:put + 宾语 + through + 名词/代词,如“put a call through to someone”;也可用被动语态“be put through”。注意:当宾语是代词时,需放在 put 和 through 之间,如“put it through”,不能说“put through it”。此外,put through 后接动名词时,表示“使经历”,如“put someone through training”。
相似词辨析
put through 与 complete (完成) 相比,更强调过程艰辛或需要努力;与 connect (接通) 相比,put through 更侧重电话接通的动作,而 connect 可指多种连接;与 undergo (经历) 相比,put through 是及物的,主语是施动者,而 undergo 主语是经历者,如“He underwent surgery”而非“He was put through surgery”(后者意为别人让他做手术)。
使用注意
put through 语域中性,可用于正式和非正式场合。在“使经历”的义项上,常带有负面色彩,如“put through hardship”,但也可用于中性或正面,如“put through training”。常见误用:将 put through 与 put off (推迟) 混淆;或误用为不及物动词,如“the call put through”应为“the call was put through”。
高频搭配
- put through a call
- put through a payment
- put through college
- put through training
- put through the wringer
- put through changes
- put through an order
- put through to someone
双语例句
- She put through a big order for office supplies.她完成了一份办公用品的大订单。
- Could you put me through to the sales department?你能帮我接通销售部吗?
- The coach put the team through a grueling training session.教练让球队经历了一次艰苦的训练。
- He put his daughter through college by working two jobs.他打两份工供女儿读完大学。
- The new law was put through parliament last month.这项新法律上个月在议会通过。
- They put me through a lot of stress during the interview.面试期间他们让我承受了很大压力。