think
英 /θɪŋk/美 /θɪŋk/
v. 动词 / n. 名词
想,思考;认为,以为;考虑;想起
词义解析
think 的本义是“思考、思索”,指大脑进行认知活动,如推理、权衡、想象等。由此引申出“认为、以为”,表示基于思考形成的观点或判断,如“I think it will rain.”(我认为会下雨)。再引申为“考虑、打算”,指对未来的行动或可能性进行思考,如“I'm thinking of changing my job.”(我在考虑换工作)。还引申出“想起、记得”,指从记忆中检索信息,如“I can't think of his name.”(我想不起他的名字)。这些义项都围绕“心智活动”这一核心,从具体思维过程到抽象观点和计划,层层递进。
词根溯源
think 源自古英语 þencan,与古高地德语 denken、拉丁语 tongēre(知道)同源,最终可追溯至原始日耳曼语 *thankjan,意为“思考、感觉”。其名词形式 thought 源自同一词根,表示“思想、想法”。记忆时可联系 thought 和 thank(感谢,古义为“考虑”),三者同源,都涉及心智活动。
适用语境
think 是英语中最常用的动词之一,广泛用于日常口语、学术写作、商务邮件、新闻报道和文学作品。在口语中,think 常用来表达个人观点,语气较为随意,如“I think it's a good idea.”。在学术写作中,think 常与 about、of 搭配,表示深入思考,如“The author thinks about the implications of this theory.”,语气正式。商务邮件中,think 常用于提出建议或表达看法,如“We think this solution is feasible.”,语气礼貌。新闻报道中,think 用于转述观点,如“Experts think the economy will recover.”,语气客观。文学作品中,think 可用于内心独白,如“He thought of her all night.”,富有情感色彩。
语法说明
think 作及物动词时,可接 that 从句(常省略 that)或带宾语补足语,如“I think (that) he is right.”和“I think it necessary to apologize.”。作不及物动词时,常与介词 of、about、over 连用,如“think of a plan”、“think about the problem”、“think over the proposal”。think 常用于否定转移,如“I don't think it will rain.”(我认为不会下雨),而非“I think it will not rain.”。易错点:think 一般不用进行时表示“认为”,而用一般现在时,如“I think he is nice.”,但可用进行时表示“正在考虑”,如“I'm thinking about what to do.”。
相似词辨析
think 是最通用的词,指任何形式的思考。consider 更正式,强调仔细考虑,如“We need to consider all options.”。ponder 指长时间深思,如“She pondered the question for days.”。reflect 指回想、反思,如“He reflected on his past mistakes.”。contemplate 指专注地凝视或沉思,如“He contemplated the meaning of life.”。meditate 指冥想或深思,常含宗教或心理色彩。在表达“认为”时,think 较口语化,believe 强调信念,suppose 表示推测,reckon 是英式口语。选择时要根据语境和正式程度。
使用注意
think 是中性词,无褒贬色彩。但注意在正式书面语中,过多使用“I think”可能显得主观,可改用“It is believed that...”或“In my opinion”等。常见误用:将“think”与“hard”连用表示“难想”时,应为“think hard”,而非“think difficulty”;“think of”和“think about”常可互换,但“think of”更常表示“想起”,“think about”更强调“考虑”。另外,think 后接不定式时,表示“预期”,如“I think to finish it soon.”,但此用法较正式,口语中少用。
高频搭配
- think about
- think of
- think over
- think through
- think up
- think highly of
- think twice
- think aloud
双语例句
- I think you are right.我认为你是对的。
- She thought about the problem for a long time.她思考这个问题很久了。
- He is thinking of moving to New York.他在考虑搬到纽约。
- I can't think of his name at the moment.我一时想不起他的名字。
- Think before you speak.说话前先想一想。
- They thought it wise to leave early.他们认为早点离开是明智的。