alongside
英 /əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd/美 /əˈlɔːŋˌsaɪd/
prep. 介词 / adv. 副词
在……旁边;沿着……的边;与……一起;与……相比
词义解析
本义指“在……的旁边”,即空间上紧靠着某物或某人,如“a boat moored alongside the dock”(停靠在码头旁的船)。由此引申出“沿着……的边”的含义,如“walk alongside the river”(沿着河边走)。进一步引申为“与……一起”或“与……同时”,表示在活动、工作或发展中并肩进行,如“She worked alongside her colleagues”(她和同事们一起工作)。另一个引申义是“与……相比”,用于比较或评估,如“Alongside last year's results, this year's are impressive”(与去年的结果相比,今年的很出色)。这些义项都基于“并排、相邻”的核心概念。
词根溯源
由“along”(沿着)和“side”(边)组合而成,字面意思为“沿着边”。这一组合在16世纪出现,最初用于航海,指船只停靠在另一艘船的旁边,后来扩展至一般语境。记忆时可拆解为“along” + “side”,联想“沿着某物的侧面”,从而记住其“在旁边”的核心含义。
适用语境
该词在多种场合使用。日常口语中,用于描述物理位置或共同行动,如“Sit alongside me.”(坐在我旁边)。新闻报道中常用于描述同时发生的事件或对比数据,如“Alongside the economic growth, unemployment rose.”(经济成长的同时,失业率上升)。学术写作中用于说明并列关系或补充信息,如“Alongside the main argument, the author provides a counterpoint.”(在主要论点之外,作者还提供了一个对立观点)。商务邮件中,可表示协作或附带内容,如“Please find the report alongside the invoice.”(请查收随附发票的报告)。语气中性,正式程度中等,适用于书面与口语。
语法说明
作介词时,后接名词或代词,如“alongside the road”。作副词时,通常不接宾语,如“The car pulled alongside.”(汽车靠边停下)。常见句型包括:be alongside + 名词,如“The park is alongside the river.”;work alongside + 人,如“I work alongside many talented people.”;alongside + 名词 + 动词,如“Alongside the benefits, there are risks.”。易错点:不要与“along”混淆,后者强调“沿着”的方向,而“alongside”强调“在旁边”。此外,作介词时,其后不能直接接动词,需用动名词,如“Alongside studying, she works.”
相似词辨析
与“beside”相比,“alongside”更强调并排且通常有互动或共同行动,而“beside”仅指位置在旁边,如“He stood beside me”(他站在我旁边)不一定有互动。与“next to”相比,“next to”更口语化,且常指紧邻,而“alongside”更正式,并带有“一起”的意味。与“together with”相比,“together with”强调“连同、和”,但“alongside”更强调空间上的并排。在对比语境中,“alongside”比“compared with”更简洁,如“Alongside last year, this year is better.”
使用注意
该词属于中性语域,正式和非正式场合均可使用,但相比“next to”稍显正式。无褒贬色彩。常见误用:1. 将“alongside”与“along”混淆,如“walk alongside the street”应改为“walk along the street”(沿着街走),因为“alongside”暗示在旁边而非在路面上。2. 在表示“与……相比”时,误用“alongside”后接句子,如“Alongside the economy is growing, ...”,正确应为“Alongside economic growth, ...”。3. 作副词时,误加宾语,如“The car pulled alongside the road”中,“alongside”后还需加“the road”吗?实际上,作副词时不需要,但作介词时需要。
高频搭配
- work alongside
- stand alongside
- alongside the road/river
- alongside with
- alongside each other
- alongside the fact that
- alongside the development
双语例句
- The new library was built alongside the old one.新图书馆建在旧图书馆旁边。
- She worked alongside her father in the family business.她在家族企业里和父亲一起工作。
- Alongside the positive reviews, there were some criticisms.除了正面评价外,也有一些批评。
- The police car pulled alongside the suspect's vehicle.警车在嫌疑人的车辆旁边停下。
- Alongside his academic duties, he mentors young students.在学术职责之外,他还指导年轻学生。
- Compared to last year, this year's profits are higher, but alongside that, costs have also increased.与去年相比,今年的利润更高,但与此同时,成本也增加了。